Less lethal technologies
Guidelines for EMDT
NCJ Number
213465
Date Published
2005
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Issue Overview
Publication Link
Calming Down: Could Sedative Drugs Be a Less-Lethal Option?
NCJ Number
224090
Journal
Date Published
October 2008
Agencies
NIJ
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical),
Issue Overview
Barrier-Penetrating Tear Gas Munitions - NIJ Standard 0111.00
NCJ Number
99857
Date Published
September 1985
Agencies
NIJ
Publication Type
Standard
Publication Link
Front-Line Supervisors' Perceptions of Less-Lethal Force Policies: Examining the 'Transmission Belts' of Police Departments
NCJ Number
237177
Journal
Date Published
November 2011
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Police Use of Force and Officer Injuries: Comparing Conducted Energy Devices (CEDs) to Hands- and Weapon-Based Tactics
NCJ Number
240873
Journal
Date Published
June 2012
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Non-Lethal Systems Research and Development: Pepper Spray Launcher/Disperser Final Report
NCJ Number
171948
Date Published
1997
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Less Than Lethal Force Technologies in Law Enforcement and Correctional Agencies
NCJ Number
173088
Date Published
1994
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
A TASER Conducted Electrical Weapon With Cardiac Biomonitoring Capability: Proof of Concept and Initial Human Trial
NCJ Number
252412
Date Published
October 2016
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Hand-Held Aerosol Tear Gas Weapons - NIJ Standard 0110.00
NCJ Number
99858
Date Published
September 1985
Agencies
NIJ
Publication Type
Standard
Publication Link
Policy and Training Recommendations Related to Police Use of CEDs: Overview of Findings From a Comprehensive National Study
NCJ Number
241279
Journal
Date Published
2010
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Best Practice/State-of-the-Art Review
Publication Link
Skin Penetration Assessment of Less Lethal Kinetic Energy Munitions
NCJ Number
212653
Journal
Date Published
November 2005
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Conducted Energy Devices (CEDs) and Citizen Injuries: The Shocking Empirical Reality
NCJ Number
239310
Journal
Date Published
April 2011
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Mock Prison Riot 2000--A Technology Showcase
NCJ Number
211596
Journal
Date Published
2001
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Issue Overview
Publication Link
Medical Panel Issues Interim Findings on Stun Gun Safety
NCJ Number
224086
Journal
Date Published
October 2008
Agencies
NIJ
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Less Lethal Force Policy and Police Officer Perceptions: A Multisite Examination
NCJ Number
244213
Journal
Date Published
October 2013
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Legislation/Policy Analysis,
Program/Project Evaluation
Publication Link
From the Street . . . to the Street
NCJ Number
211836
Date Published
2000
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Less Lethal Weapons for Law Enforcement: A Performance-Based Analysis
NCJ Number
221179
Journal
Date Published
2008
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Effect of Less-Lethal Weapons on Injuries in Police Use-of-Force Events
NCJ Number
241301
Date Published
December 2009
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Injuries to Officers and Suspects in Police Use-of-Force Cases: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation
NCJ Number
241308
Journal
Date Published
2010
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Research (Applied/Empirical)
Publication Link
Local Police Departments: Policies and Procedures, 2016
NCJ Number
254826
Date Published
August 2020
Agencies
BJS
Publication Type
Statistics,
Report (Annual/Periodic),
Policy
Publication Link
Sheriffs' Offices: Policies and Procedures, 2016
NCJ Number
254830
Date Published
August 2020
Agencies
BJS
Publication Type
Statistics,
Report (Technical Assistance),
Report (Annual/Periodic),
Policy
Publication Link
TECHBeat, July/August 2018
NCJ Number
251925
Date Published
August 2018
Agencies
NIJ-Sponsored
Publication Type
Program/Project Description
Publication Link